Table 6 Determinants of unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcome in England, Wales and Northern Ireland of cases reported in 2001 and 2002

Risk factor	Treatment outcome		Univariable analysis for failure		Multivariable analysis for failure
Risk factor	Failure (n = 1412)	Success (n = 9123)	OR (95% CI)	p Value	ORa (95% CI)	p Value
Sex			1		1	0.003
Female	551	4262	1.37 (1.22, 1.54)	<0.001	1.27 (1.08–1.49)
Male	859	4848
Age (y)			p trend	<0.001	p trend	<0.001
<15	48	622	1		1.93 (0.92, 4.06)
15–44	678	5311	1.65 (1.22, 2.24)		2.29 (1.07, 4.9)
45–64	275	1838	1.94 (1.41, 2.67)		4.33 (2.02, 9.25)
65+	411	1350	3.95 (2.88, 5.40)
Place of birth
UK	469	2724	1		1
Abroad	762	5672	0.78 (0.69, 0.88)	<0.001	1.07 (0.82, 1.38)	0.629
Unknown	181	727	1.45 (1.2, 1.75)	<0.001	1.60 (1.19, 2.15)	0.002
Ethnic group
White Caucasian	496	2277	1		1
Black African	51	284	0.83 (0.60, 1.13)	0.227	1.17 (0.76, 1.81)	0.47
Black Caribbean	255	1780	0.66 (0.56, 0.77)	<0.001	1.24 (0.90, 1.72)	0.194
India/Pakistani/Bangladesh	208	1234	0.77 (0.65, 0.92)	0.004	1.16 (0.83, 1.61)	0.38
Other	402	3548	0.52 (0.45, 0.60)	<0.001	0.70 (0.56, 0.79)	0.01
Site of disease
EPTB	468	3846	1		1
PTB	922	5156	1.48 (1.31, 1.66)	<0.001	1.28 (1.08, 1.53)	0.006
Region
Out of London	559	4472	1		1.48 (1.31, 1.68)	<0.001
London	853	4651	1.47 (1.31, 1.64)	<0.001
History of previous Rx
No	1340	8786	1
Yes	55	283	1.27 (0.95, 1.71)	0.107
Culture result
Negative	583	3709	1
Positive	829	5414	0.97 (0.87, 1.09)	0.652
Any drug resistance
No	683	4597	1		1
Yes	81	323	1.69 (1.31, 2.18)	<0.001	1.90 (1.44, 2.52)	<0.001
MDR
No	754	4889	1		1
Yes	10	31	2.09 (1.02, 4.28)	0.044	1.21 (0.56, 2.61)	0.635

The model for the multivariable analysis included all variables that were significantly associated with treatment outcome in the single variable analysis.
EPTB, extrapulmonary tuberculosis; MDR, multi-drug resistance; OR, odds ratio; ORa, adjusted odds ratio; PTB, pulmonary tuberculosis; Rx, treatment.