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General
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| Body weight <70% or >130% of idealMoribund/bed-ridden | Age >65 yearsMechanically ventilatedSevere kyphoscoliosis |
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Medical
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| Poor renal function (creatinine clearance <50 ml/min) | Osteoporosis |
| Poorly-controlled diabetes |
| Infection with HIV | High-dose corticosteroids (prednisolone >20 mg/day) |
| Recent or active malignancy |
| HBsAg positive | Colonisation with fungi or atypical mycobacteria |
| Hepatitis C with biopsy-proven liver disease |
| Progressive non-pulmonary disease (eg, neuromuscular disease, liver cirrhosis) | |
| Pan-resistant organisms | |
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Psychosocial
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| Substance addiction (alcohol, tobacco or narcotics)Uncontrolled psychosis | Uncommitted/poor compliancePoor psychosocial supportSevere psychoaffective disorder |