| No (%) | With prevalent CVD at baseline (%)* | Univariate risk of CVD at baseline (OR (95% CI)) | Multivariate risk of CVD at baseline (OR (95% CI))† | |
| Age (y) | ||||
| 45–49 | 3913 (26.7) | 105 (2.7) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 50–54 | 3806 (25.9) | 172 (4.5) | 1.7 (1.3, 2.2) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.8) |
| 55–59 | 3591 (24.5) | 264 (7.4) | 2.9 (2.3, 3.6) | 1.9 (1.5, 2.4) |
| 60–64 | 3026 (22.9) | 345 (10.2) | 4.1 (3.3, 5.2) | 2.3 (1.8, 3.0) |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 8104 (55.2) | 253 (3.1) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Male | 6577 (44.8) | 633 (9.6) | 3.3 (2.9, 3.8) | 2.3 (1.9, 2.7). |
| Race | ||||
| White | 10 887 (74.2) | 659 (6.1) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Black | 3794 (25.8) | 227 (6.0) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.2) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2) |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Current smoker | 4170 (28.4) | 291 (7.0) | 2.3 (1.9, 2.7) | 0.9 (0.6, 1.4) |
| Former smoker | 4751 (32.4) | 410 (8.6) | 2.9 (2.4, 3.4) | 1.4 (0.9, 2.2) |
| Never smoker | 5760 (39.2) | 185 (3.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Pack-years | ||||
| 60 or more | 711 (4.8) | 126 (17.7) | 6.1 (4.8, 7.7) | 2.5 (1.6, 4.2 ) |
| 40–59 | 1262 (8.6) | 157 (12.4) | 4.0 (3.2, 5.0) | 2.1 (1.3, 3.3) |
| 20–39 | 2843 (19.4) | 226 (8.0) | 2.5 (2.0, 3.0) | 1.5 (0.99, 2.4) |
| 1–19 | 3434 (23.4) | 145 (4.2) | 1.3 (1.01, 1.6) | 0.9 (0.6, 1.5) |
| Unknown | 240 (1.6) | 21 (8.8) | 2.7 (1.7, 4.3) | 1.7 (0.9, 3.3) |
| 0 | 6191 (42.2) | 211 (3.4) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||
| Yes | 1642 (11.2) | 215 (13.1) | 2.8 (2.4, 3.3) | 1.8 (1.5, 2.2) |
| No | 13 039 (88.8) | 671 (5.2) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Hypertension | ||||
| Yes | 4992 (34.0) | 485 (9.7) | 2.5 (2.2, 2.9) | 1.9 (1.7, 2.3) |
| No | 9689 (66.0) | 401 (4.1) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Body mass index | ||||
| <20 | 477 (3.3) | 24 (5.0) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.7) | 1.5 (0.96, 2.5) |
| 20–24 | 4446 (30.3) | 209 (4.7) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| 25–29 | 5778 (39.4) | 366 (6.3) | 1.4 (1.2, 1.6) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.03) |
| 30 and higher | 3980 (27.1) | 287 (7.2) | 1.6 (1.3, 1.9) | 0.8 (0.7, 1.01) |
| Education (y) | ||||
| <12 | 3423 (23.3) | 321 (9.4) | 2.1 (1.8, 2.5) | 1.5 (1.2, 1.8) |
| 12 | 4764 (32.5) | 260 (5.5) | 1.2 (0.99, 1.4) | 1.2 (0.96, 1.4) |
| >12 | 6494 (44.2) | 305 (4.7) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| HDL-C (mg/dl)‡ | 52.0 (0.1) | 0.67 (0.63, 0.71) | 0.81 (0.76, 0.87) | |
| LDL-C (mg/dl)‡ | 137.7 (0.3) | 1.07 (1.05, 1.08) | 1.05 (1.03, 1.06) | |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dl)‡ | 303.2 (0.5) | 1.05 (1.04, 1.05) | 1.02 (1.01, 1.03) | |
| GOLD status* | ||||
| GOLD 3 or 4 | 262 (1.8) | 29 (11.1) | 3.0 (2.0, 4.5) | 1.3 (0.8, 2.1) |
| GOLD 2 | 1388 (9.5) | 150 (10.8) | 2.9 (2.4, 3.6) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.8) |
| GOLD 1 | 1612 (11.0) | 99 (6.1) | 1.6 (1.2, 2.0) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) |
| GOLD 0 | 2039 (13.9) | 132 (6.5) | 1.7 (1.4, 2.0) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.8) |
| Restricted | 1187 (8.1) | 148 (12.5) | 3.4 (2.8, 4.2) | 2.3 (1.9, 2.9) |
| Normal | 8193 (55.8) | 328 (4.0) | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Total | 14 681 | 886 (6.0) |
From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study 1987–1989 and follow-up to 2001.
*Baseline CVD criteria and modified Global Initiative on Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria, as defined in table 1.
†Adjusted for age, sex, race, smoking status, pack-years of cigarettes, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, education level, hypertension, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fibrinogen and GOLD status.
‡Third column displays mean value (SE). Risks are displayed per 10 mg/dl increase.