HR of new exacerbation | 99% CI for hazard ratio | ||
Lower | Upper | ||
Antibiotics added to treatment with oral corticosteroids | |||
0–3 months following treatment | 0.62 | 0.60 | 0.65 |
3–6 months following treatment | 0.68 | 0.65 | 0.73 |
6–12 months following treatment | 1.03 | 0.96 | 1.12 |
>12 months following treatment | 1.31 | 1.18 | 1.45 |
Exposure to antibiotics after previous exacerbation | 0.82 | 0.78 | 0.87 |
Female sex | 0.95 | 0.91 | 1.00 |
Inhaled corticosteroids as maintenance medication | 0.91 | 0.84 | 0.98 |
Co-medication cardiovascular | 1.16 | 1.10 | 1.23 |
Co-medication for diabetes | 1.05 | 0.98 | 1.12 |
Hospitalisation* for COPD† | 1.45 | 1.35 | 1.57 |
Hospitalisation for pneumonia | 1.19 | 1.05 | 1.34 |
The variables “age” and “number of respiratory drugs dispensings in 2003” were included in the Cox model, but were not fitted linearly, and therefore HR are not presented.
*Once or more in previous 2 years. †Diagnosis: chronic bronchitis, emphysema or COPD.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HR, hazard ratio.