| Baseline | Change from baseline (Δ) | 95% CI between groups | p Value (for Δ) | |||
| Therapeutic CPAP(n = 20) | Placebo CPAP(n = 22) | Therapeutic CPAP(n = 19) | Placebo CPAP(n = 21) | |||
| Age (years) | 57.8 (10.4) | 54.5 (9.4) | ||||
| >4% Sao2 dips/h | 33.1 (21.6) | 39.1 (24.8) | ||||
| ESS | 14.7 (3.5) | 13.6 (3.5) | −6.6 (4.5) | −2.6 (4.9) | −7.0 to −0.9 | 0.01 |
| MWT (Osler) (min) | 21.9 (12.8) | 32.0 (10.8) | +10.6 (13.9) | −4.7 (11.8) | +6.5 to +23.9 | 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 36.6 (4.9) | 36.8 (4.6) | −0.2 (1.0) | −0.2 (1.1) | −0.6 to +0.7 | 1.0 |
| SAQLI | 4.3 (1.1) | 4.4 (0.9) | +0.8 (1.0) | +0.03 (1.2) | −1.5 to +0.04 | 0.04 |
| Neck size (cm) | 46.2 (2.6) | 47.0 (2.6) | +0.04 (1.2) | −0.06 (1.4) | −0.7 to +0.9 | 0.8 |
| Waist to hip ratio | 1.0 (0.06) | 1.1 (0.06) | 0 (0.3) | 0 (0.4) | −0.03 to +0.02 | 0.5 |
| Impedance | 426.4 (91.3) | 404.9 (39.5) | −3.8 (28.4) | +9.3 (31.2) | −32.6 to +6.4 | 0.2 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 10.1 (3.6) | 10.0 (4.5) | +0.3 (2.1) | −0.2 (2.1) | −0.9 to +1.8 | 0.5 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.5 (1.8) | 8.4 (1.9) | −0.02 (1.5) | +0.1 (0.7) | −0.6 to +0.9 | 0.7 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (pmol/l) | 93.3 (52.2)* | 100.0 (71.5)* | +1.3 (1.6) | +1.1 (1.7) | −0.2 to +0.09 | 0.4 |
| HOMA-%S | 47.9 (1.6)* | 44.7 (1.7)* | −1.5 (2.3)* | −1.1 (1.8)* | −0.3 to +0.08 | 0.2 |
| M/I: euglycaemic clamp (l/kg/min1000) | 26.5 (14.4) | 27.8 (17.9) | +1.7 (14.1) | −5.7 (14.8) | −1.8 to +0.3 | 0.2 |
| Adiponectin (μg/ml) | 3.7 (2.2)* | 2.8 (1.5)* | −1.1 (1.2)* | −1.1 (1.3)* | −0.7 to +0.6 | 0.2 |
CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; Sao2, oxygen saturation; ESS, Epworth sleepiness score; MWT, Maintenance of Wakefulness test; BMI, body mass index; SAQLI, Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index; HbA1c, glycosylated haemoglobin; HOMA, homeostatic model assessment; M/I, quantity of glucose metabolised per unit of plasma insulin concentration (a measure of insulin sensitivity).
Data are shown as mean (SD).
*Geometric mean (SD).
There was no significant difference in any of the baseline data between the groups (p = 0.3–0.9) except for MWT (p<0.01) and adiponectin (p = 0.05).