Association between quintiles of cumulative average patterns and newly diagnosed COPD
| Quintile of intake | p for trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quintile1:Small intake | Quintile 2 | Quintile 3:Medium intake | Quintile 4 | Quintile 5:High intake | ||
| *Multivariate RRs adjusted for age and energy intake. | ||||||
| †Multivariate RRs adjusted for age, energy intake, smoking status, pack-years and pack-years2. | ||||||
| ‡Multivariate RRs adjusted for age, energy intake, smoking status, pack-years, pack-years2, race/ethnicity, physician visits, US region, body mass index, physical activity and multivitamin use. | ||||||
| Prudent pattern | ||||||
| No of cases | 32 | 28 | 18 | 17 | 16 | |
| Person-years | 50003 | 50105 | 49669 | 48830 | 48227 | |
| RR (95% CI): adjustment 1* | 1.00 | 0.60 (0.36 to 1.02) | 0.40 (0.22 to 0.70) | 0.30 (0.17 to 0.55) | 0.20 (0.11 to 0.39) | <0.001 |
| RR (95% CI): adjustment 2† | 1.00 | 0.82 (0.48 to 1.39) | 0.65 (0.36 to 1.15) | 0.59 (0.32 to 1.09) | 0.47 (0.24 to 0.92) | 0.02 |
| RR (95% CI): adjustment 3‡ | 1.00 | 0.83 (0.49 to 1.42) | 0.64 (0.36 to 1.15) | 0.60 (0.32 to 1.11) | 0.50 (0.25 to 0.98) | 0.02 |
| Western pattern | ||||||
| No of cases | 12 | 9 | 16 | 29 | 45 | |
| Person-years | 48958 | 49353 | 49663 | 49592 | 49268 | |
| RR (95% CI): adjustment 1* | 1.00 | 1.29 (0.56 to 2.96) | 1.62 (0.70 to 3.78) | 3.94 (1.76 to 8.79) | 10.49 (4.62 to 23.84) | <0.001 |
| RR (95% CI): adjustment 2† | 1.00 | 1.12 (0.49 to 2.58) | 1.23 (0.52 to 2.86) | 2.47 (1.11 to 5.52) | 5.07 (2.21 to 11.66) | <0.001 |
| RR (95% CI): adjustment 3‡ | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.48 to 2.50) | 1.15 (0.49 to 2.69) | 2.30 (1.02 to 5.18) | 4.56 (1.95 to 10.69) | <0.001 |