Cellular mechanisms of susceptibility of people with asthma to the effects of rhinovirus (RV) infection
| Healthy | Asthma | |
|---|---|---|
| IFN, interferon; Th, T helper; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule. | ||
| Binding of RV | ||
| ICAM-1 expression | Low | High |
| Epithelial integrity | Intact | Disrupted |
| Post-binding RV | ||
| IFN-β response | Early, effective | Deficient |
| Cell lysis v apoptosis | Apoptosis | Impaired apoptosis |
| Increased cell lysis | ||
| Inflammatory mediator release | Present | Enhanced (?) |
| Immune response | ||
| Neutrophil recruitment | Present | Enhanced |
| Th1 response | Effective (IFN-γ) | Deficient (IFN-γ) |