Baseline characteristics of included studies
| Author | Year | Population | Sample size | No of deaths | Follow up time(years) | Mean (SD)age(years) | Male(%) | Current smokers(%) | FEV1(% predicted or litres (l)) | End point | Covariate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SD, standard deviation; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; NR, not reported; BMI, body mass index. | |||||||||||
| *These values represent the percentage of participants who smoked ⩾15 cigarettes daily. | |||||||||||
| Hole10 | 1996 | Renfrew and Paisley, West Scotland | 15411 | 4439 | 15 | NR | 45.8 | Male: 45*Female: 46* | Male: 73%Female: 70% | Mortality | Age, cigarette smoking, diastolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol concentration, BMI, social class |
| Kuller11 | 1990 | High risk men (92% white) for coronary heart disease in USA | 12866 | 119 | 10.5 | 46 (5.5) | 100 | 64 | 3.21 l or 88% | Mortality | Age, height, number of cigarettes per day, thiocyanate, age at which smoking began, use of filter cigarettes, tar and nicotine content, alcoholic drinks/week, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol |
| Mannino12 | 2003 | General civilian population in USA | 5402 | 113 | 18 | 47 (14) | 45.2 | 42 | 89 | Mortality | Age, sex, race, smoking status, pack-years |
| Van Den Eeden13 | 1992 | North California,USA | 171311 | 1514 | 9 | 42 (NR) | 46.3 | Male: 51 Female: 40 | Male: 3.09 l Female: 2.19 l | Incidence | Age, former and current smokers, smoking duration, quantity, and inhalation |