Controls (n = 7) | Smokers without COPD (n = 7) | Smokers with COPD (n = 14) | p value† | |
---|---|---|---|---|
FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC = forced vital capacity. | ||||
*Results are expressed as medians with 25–75th percentiles in parentheses. | ||||
†p value for non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. | ||||
Sex (M/F) | 5/2 | 7/0 | 12/2 | |
Age (years)* | 30 (24–34) | 52 (52–58) | 50 (44–56) | 0.005 |
Current smokers | 0 | 100% | 100% | <0.0001 |
Packs/year* | 0 (0–0) | 40 (37–56) | 40 (40–50) | 0.0004 |
FEV1 (%)* | 101 (100–104) | 95 (87–99) | 67 (60–68) | <0.0001 |
FEV1/FVC (%) | 101 (92–108) | 100 (90–102) | 65 (58–70) | <0.0001 |
Endoscopic score | ||||
Nose* | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–2) | 2 (0–4) | 0.08 |
Bronchi* | 0 | 1 (1–2) | 1.5 (1–2) | 0.0001 |