Age |
<50 years | 201 | Reference | |
50–64 years | 145 | 0.9 | 0.3 to 3.3 | 0.9 |
65–74 years | 179 | 3.0 | 1.1 to 7.8 | 0.03 |
75–84 years | 190 | 5.4 | 2.2 to 13.4 | <0.001 |
⩾85 years | 106 | 10 | 4.0 to 25.4 | <0.001 |
Age ⩾65 years | 475 | 5.5 | 2.8 to 10.9 | <0.001 |
Age ⩾75 years | 296 | 4.3 | 2.6 to 7 | <0.001 |
Temperature <37°C | 206 | 2.3 | 1.4 to 3.8 | <0.001 |
Pulse ⩾125/min | 87 | 1.6 | 0.8 to 3.2 | 0.14 |
Respiratory rate ⩾30/min | 277 | 1.7 | 1.07 to 2.8 | 0.02 |
Mental confusion | 125 | 8.1 | 4.8 to 13.7 | <0.001 |
Urea >7 mmol/l | 358 | 5.6 | 3.1 to 10 | <0.001 |
Albumin <30 g/dl | 124 | 4.9 | 2.8 to 8.4 | <0.001 |
Pao2 <8 kPa | 267 | 1.8 | 1.07 to 3.0 | 0.03 |
Chest radiograph: multilobar | 243 | 1.2 | 0.7 to 2.0 | 0.4 |
Chest radiograph: effusion | 116 | 1.8 | 1.03 to 3.3 | 0.04 |
Low BP (SBP <90 or DBP ⩽60 mm Hg) | 199 | 2.4 | 1.4 to 3.8 | <0.001 |