Prevalence of depression in patients with COPD compared with controls
| n | CES-D ≥16 | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CES-D=Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. | |||
| Univariate results and results adjusted for sex, age, education, health insurance, living situation, and comorbidity (logistic regression analysis). | |||
| COPD (whole group) | 162 | 35 (21.6%) | 1.5 (0.8 to 2.6) |
| Severe COPD (FEV1 <50% predicted) | 60 | 15 (25.0%) | 2.5 (1.2 to 5.4) |
| Mild to moderate COPD (FEV1 50–80% predicted) | 102 | 20 (19.6%) | 1.1 (0.5 to 2.1) |
| Controls | 359 | 63 (17.5%) | 1.0 |