Sputum measurements at start of the exacerbation compared with stable state | COPD | AAT deficiency | AAT deficiency vs COPD at start of the exacerbation |
---|---|---|---|
Myeloperoxidase | ↑ | ↑ | ↔ |
Elastase activity | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |
Interleukin 8 | ↔ | ↑ | ↑ |
Leukotriene B4 | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |
Secretory leukoprotease inhibitor | ↓ | ↓ | ↓ |
Sputum α1-antitrypsin | ↑ | ↑ | ↓ |
Albumin leakage (serum → sputum) | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ |