Validated assessment tools for depression used in retrieved studies
| BDI (Beck depression inventory)15; originally advised interpretation: 0–4 no depression, 5–13 mild depression, 14–20 moderate depression, >21 severe depression, maximum score 63 |
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| Zung SDS (Zung self-rating depression scale)16; originally advised interpretation: <50 no depression, 50–59 mild depression, 60–69 moderate depression, >69 severe depression, maximum score 80 |
| HAD (Hospital anxiety and depression questionnaire)17; originally advised interpretation: <7 no depression, 8–10 possible depression, >10 certain depression, maximum depression score 21 |
| CES-D (Center for epidemiologic studies–depression questionnaire)18; originally advised interpretation: cut off score for depression 16, maximum score 60 |
| MMPI (Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory)19; interpretation: normal t score per field 50; interpretation for mood disorder is hazardous because of large amount and heterogeneity of items. |