Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is a disease characterised by chronic inflammation in the region of respiratory bronchioles. The condition has mainly been observed in Japanese patients, though isolated cases have been reported from other countries. In a review published in Läkartidningen (37/94), the question was raised of why this disease had not been seen in Scandinavia, and whether this might be the result of missed diagnosis. The diagnostic criteria were listed, and the question was posed of whether (Scandinavian) physicians existed who had encountered patients with chronic sinusitis, persistent cough and inexplicable nodular changes in lung x-rays. As a direct result of this enquiry, the present article reports what may well be the first Scandinavian patient to fulfil all the diagnostic criteria of DPB. The patient responded with improved lung function and normalised blood gases to a combined treatment regimen comprising immunosuppression (cyclophosphamide and prednisolone) and nebulised antibiotics (gentamicin).