Basic and Clinical ImmunologySubepithelial basement membrane immunoreactivity for matrix metalloproteinase 9: Association with asthma severity, neutrophilic inflammation, and wound repair☆
Section snippets
Subjects
Asthmatic subjects were divided into severity categories by using previously defined criteria.9 Briefly, patients with mild asthma all had a prebronchodilator FEV1 of greater than 80% of predicted value and were treated with as-needed β-agonists alone. Patients with moderate asthma had an FEV1 of less than 80% of predicted value, were taking low-to-moderate doses of inhaled corticosteroids plus as-needed β-agonists, and did not require oral steroids in the last year. Patients with severe asthma
Subjects
Thirty-eight patients with severe, 8 patients with moderate, and 10 patients with mild asthma and 10 healthy control subjects were evaluated with endobronchial biopsy and BAL. The baseline characteristics of these 66 subjects are given in Table I.
Empty Cell Subject characteristics Steroid dose* Sex (M/F) Age (y)* FEV1 (%)* Inhaled (μg) Oral (mg) Normal 5/5 37.3 ± 7 102 ± 11 0 0 Mild 4/6 36.5 ± 9.2 89 ± 9 0 0 Moderate 3/5 38.5 ± 13.1 65 ± 13 660 ± 110 0 Severe 15/23 34.9 ± 12.5 50 ± 18 1620 ± 220 27 ± 7 *Mean ±
Discussion
This study suggests that both the location and the amount of MMP-9 immunoreactivity in the lung might be important in modifying wound-repair processes and associated clinical and physiologic outcomes in asthma. In patients with asthma, this MMP-9-mediated process appears to be associated with a specific type of tissue inflammation, with increased numbers of tissue neutrophils and macrophages, increased TGF-β+ cells, and worsened lung function. These associations were present when evaluating
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Reprint requests: Sally E. Wenzel, MD, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206.