Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in men with type 2 diabetes

Sophie D West ^1*, Debby J Nicoll ¹ and John R Stradling ¹

¹ Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, United Kingdom

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sophie{at}west66.freeserve.co.uk.

Accepted 12 July 2006

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to establish the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in men with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Men with type 2 diabetes from local hospital and selected primary care practitioner databases received questionnaires about snoring, apnoeas and daytime sleepiness, based on the Berlin questionnaire. Selected respondents had overnight oximetry, to establish whether they had OSA. Comparisons of oximetry were made with those from a previous general population study. HbA1c results were collected.

Results: 1682 men were sent questionnaires; 56% replied. 57% scored as ¡®high¡ and 39% as ¡®low¡ risk for OSA. 4% had known OSA already. Oximetry was performed in 240 respondents from both risk groups: 31% of the ¡®high¡ and 13% of the ¡®low¡ risk group had significant OSA (>10, >4% SaO2 dips/hour, or SaO2 tracing consistent with OSA). These results were verified by detailed sleep studies. Extrapolation of the oximetry data to the questionnaire respondent population suggests 23% have OSA. Comparison of the oximetry results with men from a previous general population study (using only >10, >4% SaO2 dips/hour data to define OSA) showed the prevalence of OSA is significantly higher in this diabetes population (17% versus 6%, p<0.001). Multiple linear regression revealed BMI and diabetes are significant independent OSA predictors. Following correction for BMI (which explained 13% of the variance in OSA), diabetes explained a further 8% of the variance (p<0.001). There was a low correlation between OSA severity and HbA1c in the sub-group recruited from the hospital database (r=0.2, p=0.006); this remained significant after allowing for obesity (p=0.03).

Conclusions: OSA is highly prevalent in men with type 2 diabetes; most are undiagnosed. Diabetes itself may be a significant independent contributor to the risk of OSA. Word count: 280

Keywords: Berlin questionairre, HbA1c, obstructive sleep apnoea, prevalence, type 2 diabetes

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

Relevant Article

Airwaves

Wisia Wedzicha
Thorax 2006 61: 923. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Levy, P., Bonsignore, M. R., Eckel, J. (2009). Sleep, sleep-disordered breathing and metabolic consequences. Eur Respir J 34: 243-260 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sjosten, N., Vahtera, J., Salo, P., Oksanen, T., Saaresranta, T., Virtanen, M., Pentti, J., Kivimaki, M. (2009). Increased Risk of Lost Workdays Prior to the Diagnosis of Sleep Apnea. Chest 136: 130-136 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, C.-H., Khoo, S.-M., Tai, B.-C., Chong, E. Y., Lau, C., Than, Y., Shi, D.-X., Lee, L.-C., Kailasam, A., Low, A. F., Teo, S.-G., Tan, H.-C. (2009). Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients Admitted for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Prevalence, Predictors, and Effect on Microvascular Perfusion. Chest 135: 1488-1495 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Foster, G. D., Sanders, M. H., Millman, R., Zammit, G., Borradaile, K. E., Newman, A. B., Wadden, T. A., Kelley, D., Wing, R. R., Pi Sunyer, F. X., Darcey, V., Kuna, S. T., for the Sleep AHEAD Research Group, (2009). Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 32: 1017-1019 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• West, S. D, McBeath, H. A, Stradling, J. R (2009). Obstructive sleep apnoea in adults. BMJ 338: b1165-b1165 [Full Text]  
• Tuomilehto, H. P. I., Seppa, J. M., Partinen, M. M., Peltonen, M., Gylling, H., Tuomilehto, J. O. I., Vanninen, E. J., Kokkarinen, J., Sahlman, J. K., Martikainen, T., Soini, E. J. O., Randell, J., Tukiainen, H., Uusitupa, M., on behalf of the Kuopio Sleep Apnea Group, (2009). Lifestyle Intervention with Weight Reduction: First-line Treatment in Mild Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 179: 320-327 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Parish, J. M. (2009). Sleep-Related Problems in Common Medical Conditions. Chest 135: 563-572 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tasali, E., Ip, M. S. M. (2008). Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Metabolic Syndrome: Alterations in Glucose Metabolism and Inflammation. Proc Am Thorac Soc 5: 207-217 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tasali, E., Mokhlesi, B., Van Cauter, E. (2008). Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes*: Interacting Epidemics. Chest 133: 496-506 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Amit Benjamin, J, Lewis, K E (2008). Sleep-disordered breathing and cardiovascular disease. Postgrad. Med. J. 84: 15-22 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Beecroft, J. M., Zaltzman, J., Prasad, R., Meliton, G., Hanly, P. J. (2007). Impact of kidney transplantation on sleep apnoea in patients with end-stage renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 22: 3028-3033 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Stradling, J. (2007). Obstructive sleep apnoea. BMJ 335: 313-314 [Full Text]  
• Kelly, E., Cullen, G., McGurk, C. (2007). Obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with type 2 diabetes. Thorax 62: 651-651 [Full Text]  
• Snelson, C, Chandrappa, R, Moudgil, H (2007). Screening for type 2 diabetes in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Thorax 62: 651-651 [Full Text]  
• Chasens, E. R. (2007). Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Daytime Sleepiness, and Type 2 Diabetes. The Diabetes Educator 33: 475-482 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• (2006). Men with type 2 diabetes need screening for sleep apnoea. BMJ 333: 1211-1211 [Full Text]  
• Wilding, J (2006). Diabetes and sleep apnoea: a hidden epidemic?. Thorax 61: 928-929 [Full Text]