Images in Thorax

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

N L Müller¹, J M FitzGerald²

¹ Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9
² Department of Respiratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr N L Müller, Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, 899 West 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, Canada V5Z 1M9;
nmuller{at}vanhosp.bc.ca

The radiological manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) typically consist of focal unilateral or bilateral areas of hazy increased density (ground glass opacities) or airspace consolidation (fig 1A).¹ In most patients the abnormalities gradually improve over several days following treatment. Approximately 20–25% of patients, however, show progressive deterioration with the development of confluent bilateral areas of consolidation.² These patients frequently develop acute respiratory distress syndrome or have a protracted clinical course. Necroscopic examination of patients with SARS has shown features of diffuse alveolar damage. Patients with residual clinical symptoms 2 or more weeks after initial presentation often have a reticular pattern visible on the radiograph and irregular lines, architectural distortion, and traction bronchiectasis evident on the high resolution CT scan (fig 1B). These findings suggest the presence of fibrosis. Long term follow up will be required to determine the prevalence of fibrosis in patients who recover from SARS.

View larger version (115K): [in this window] [in a new window]   Figure 1 A 48 year old man with SARS. (A) High resolution CT scan performed 12 hours after hospital admission showing extensive bilateral ground glass opacities. (B) High resolution CT scan performed 27 days after admission showing fine reticular pattern superimposed on ground glass pattern. Note also distortion of the lung architecture and dilatation and irregular contour of the bronchi (traction bronchiectasis; arrows) in areas with reticulation. These findings suggest the presence of fibrosis.

 

1. Müller NL, Ooi GC, Khong PL, et al. Severe acute respiratory syndrome: radiographic and CT findings. Am J Roentgenol 2003;181:3–9.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
2. Wong KT, Antonio GE, Hui DS, et al. Severe acute respiratory syndrome: radiographic appearances and pattern of progression in 138 patients. Radiology 2003;228:401–6.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

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