EDITORIAL
Smoke and lung disease
Where there’s smoke there’s lung disease
Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr Youcheng Liu
Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, University of Kentucky, 121 Washington Ave, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; youcheng.liu@uky.edu
Exposure to biofuels in China
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
Although global energy consumption from biomass fuels or biofuels is only a small part of the total (12%), the use is much more prevalent in developing countries than in developed countries (33% vs 3%).1 It is estimated that almost 3 billion people or 50% of households worldwide use biomass and coal as their main source of energy for cooking, heating and other household needs.2,3 Biofuels have higher emission factors for particulate matter and other pollutants, especially during incomplete combustion at lower temperatures,4 which generates indoor airborne particles at levels much higher than those for cleaner fuels5 or outdoors,3 and well above levels in most polluted cities.6 Such particles also have small aerodynamic diameters (ranging from 0.05 to 1 µm for wood smoke, for example)1 and can penetrate deep into the alveolar region to induce adverse pulmonary effects. Some of the earliest work concerned with respiratory health
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