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Thorax 2006;61:1098; doi:10.1136/thx.2006.068940
Copyright © 2006 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & British Thoracic Society
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LETTER

Bacterial co-infection and interpretation of immunological data from BAL fluid specimens in severe RSV bronchiolitis

M Eisenhut

Luton & Dunstable Hospital, Luton, Bedfordshire LU4 0DZ, UK; michael_eisenhut@yahoo.com

Keywords: respiratory syncytial virus; bronchiolitis; bacterial co-infection; children; paediatric intensive care

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Thorburn et al reported on pulmonary bacterial co-infection in children with severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis.1 The authors found that 40% of children with severe RSV infection were infected with bacteria in their lower airways. The most commonly isolated organism was Haemophilus influenzae, a Gram negative lipopolysaccharide producing organism.

Previous studies from the same paediatric intensive care unit have investigated cytokines, chemokines, and the cellular composition of specimens obtained by non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in ventilated children with RSV infection using the same method as was used in this study.2,3 The investigators found a predominance of neutrophil leucocytes, increased production of interleukin (IL)-9,2 and increased levels of a number of chemokines3 compared with controls without lower respiratory tract infection.

Lipopolysaccharide, as produced by H influenzae, is a potent activator of the nuclear transcription factor NF-{kappa}B.4 NF-{kappa}B is essential in activating IL-9 production5 and in the . . . [Full text of this article]


Related Article

Response to: Bacterial co-infection and the interpretation of immunological data from BAL fluid specimens in severe RSV bronchiolitis (Thorax 2006;61:1098)
K Thorburn
Thorax 2007 62: 278. [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]





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