CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

Inhibition by red wine extract, resveratrol, of cytokine release by alveolar macrophages in COPD

S V Culpitt, D F Rogers, P S Fenwick, P Shah, C De Matos, R E K Russell, P J Barnes, L E Donnelly

Department of Thoracic Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LY, UK

Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr L E Donnelly, Department of Thoracic Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK;
l.donnelly{at}imperial.ac.uk

Background: The pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) features pulmonary inflammation with a predominant alveolar macrophage involvement. Bronchoalveolar macrophages from patients with COPD release increased amounts of inflammatory cytokines in vitro, an effect that is not inhibited by the glucocorticosteroid dexamethasone. Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a component of red wine extract that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. A study was undertaken to determine whether or not resveratrol would inhibit cytokine release in vitro by alveolar macrophages from patients with COPD.

Methods: Alveolar macrophages were isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from cigarette smokers and from patients with COPD (n=15 per group). The macrophages were stimulated with either interleukin (IL)-1ß or cigarette smoke media (CSM) to release IL-8 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The effect of resveratrol was examined on both basal and stimulated cytokine release.

Results: Resveratrol inhibited basal release of IL-8 in smokers and patients with COPD by 94% and 88% respectively, and inhibited GM-CSF release by 79% and 76% respectively. Resveratrol also inhibited stimulated cytokine release. Resveratrol reduced IL-1ß stimulated IL-8 and GM-CSF release in both smokers and COPD patients to below basal levels. In addition, resveratrol inhibited CSM stimulated IL-8 release by 61% and 51% respectively in smokers and COPD patients, and inhibited GM-CSF release by 49% for both subject groups.

Conclusions: Resveratrol inhibits inflammatory cytokine release from alveolar macrophages in COPD. Resveratrol or similar compounds may be effective pharmacotherapy for macrophage pathophysiology in COPD.

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; interleukin 8; red wine extract; resveratrol

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