Histamine release upon adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) nasal provocation in allergic subjects
a Istituto Malattie
Apparato Respiratorio, Università di Catania, Via Passo Gravina 187, 95125 Catania, Italy, b University Medicine,
Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton
SO16 6DY, UK
Correspondence to: Dr R Polosa, University Medicine, Level D, Centre Block, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Received 24 June 1998; Returned to authors 28 August 1998; Revised version received 30 October 1998; Accepted for publication 25 November 1998
BACKGROUND
Nasal
provocation with adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) elicits nasal
symptoms in subjects with rhinitis. Histamine released from mast cells
may play a part in AMP induced nasal responses.
METHODSSymptoms of
rhinitis were recorded and histamine release in the fluid obtained by
nasal lavage after AMP, guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP), and placebo
instillations was measured in nine subjects with allergic rhinitis and
nine non-allergic controls in a double blind, randomised, placebo
controlled study.
RESULTSNo symptoms or
significant increases in histamine were observed after GMP and placebo
challenge. Significantly higher levels of histamine were seen in the
nasal lavage fluids of allergic subjects following AMP challenge than
in non-allergic controls, the median (range) histamine concentration
increasing from the baseline value of 1.62 (0.44-6.99) ng/ml to 6.45 (0.81-16.17) ng/ml at three minutes. No increase in histamine levels
was seen in the non-allergic subjects in whom the median histamine
concentration was 1.13 (0.29-4.25) ng/ml at baseline and 0.97 (0.31-5.89) ng/ml three minutes after AMP challenge.
CONCLUSIONSAMP
elicits an immediate rise in histamine levels in the nasal lavage fluid
of allergic subjects compared with non-allergic individuals. These
findings indicate that the exaggerated nasal response to adenosine may
reflect mast cell priming in vivo, thus supporting its application as a
potential new marker of allergic inflammation.
© 1999 by Thorax
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