Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide in man.

C Borland, Y Cox, T Higenbottam

Department of Respiratory Physiology, Papworth Hospital, Cambridge.

BACKGROUND--Nitric oxide is released from pulmonary endothelial cells and contributes to the low pulmonary vascular resistance. The resistance pulmonary arteries are in close anatomical proximity to membranous airways, so it is likely that some pulmonary endothelial nitric oxide will enter the airspace to allow its measurement in the exhaled breath. METHODS--Exhaled air was collected from a single full exhalation and during tidal breathing. This was analysed for concentrations of nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon dioxide to give alveolar (FA) and mixed expired (FE) concentrations. Eight normal subjects were studied and laboratory air was similarly analysed using, respectively, chemiluminescent and infrared analysers. RESULTS--There was no relation between FA concentrations and the laboratory air concentrations. From the single breath, the ratio of (Fano/Faco2) x (Feco2/Feno) had a mean value of 0.92 (95% confidence interval 0.7 to 1.14). As this does not differ from unity, nitric oxide is likely to be derived from the same regions of the lungs as carbon dioxide. During tidal breathing the Feno ranged from 8.3 to 20.3 parts per billion. CONCLUSIONS--It is possible to measure endogenous pulmonary nitric oxide production in the exhaled air in man.

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Rodway, G., Choi, J, Hoffman, L., Sethi, J. (2009). Exhaled nitric oxide in the diagnosis and management of asthma: clinical implications. Chronic Respiratory Disease 6: 19-29 [Abstract]  
• West, E., Skowronski, M., MS, A. C., McFadden, E. R. Jr (2005). The Effects of Hyperpnea on Exhaled Nitric Oxide Synthesis in Normal Subjects. Chest 128: 3316-3321 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ziora, D., Kaluska, K., Kozielski, J. (2004). An increase in exhaled nitric oxide is not associated with activity in pulmonary sarcoidosis. Eur Respir J 24: 609-614 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• George, S. C., Hogman, M., Permutt, S., Silkoff, P. E. (2004). Modeling pulmonary nitric oxide exchange. J. Appl. Physiol. 96: 831-839 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Qureshi, M. A., Girgis, R. E., Dandapantula, H. K., Abrams, J., Soubani, A. O. (2004). Increased Exhaled Nitric Oxide Following Autologous Peripheral Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation: A Potential Marker of Idiopathic Pneumonia Syndrome. Chest 125: 281-287 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cook, S., Vollenweider, P., Menard, B., Egli, M., Nicod, P., Scherrer, U. (2003). Increased eNO and pulmonary iNOS expression in eNOS null mice. Eur Respir J 21: 770-773 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• KHARITONOV, S. A., BARNES, P. J. (2001). Exhaled Markers of Pulmonary Disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 163: 1693-1722 [Full Text]  
• Jobsis, Q., Schellekens, S.L., Kroesbergen, A., Hop, W.C.J., de Jongste, J.C. (2001). Off-line sampling of exhaled air for nitric oxide measurement in children: methodological aspects. Eur Respir J 17: 898-903 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ulvestad, B., Lund, M.B., Bakke, B., Djupesland, P.G., Kongerud, J., Boe, J. (2001). Gas and dust exposure in underground construction is associated with signs of airway inflammation. Eur Respir J 17: 416-421 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• DEYKIN, A., BELOSTOTSKY, O., HONG, C., MASSARO, A. F., LILLY, C. M., ISRAEL, E. (2000). Exhaled Nitric Oxide following Leukotriene E4 and Methacholine Inhalation in Patients with Asthma. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 162: 1685-1689 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pietropaoli, A. P., Perkins, P. T., Perillo, I. B., Hyde, R. W., Scherrer, U., Sartori, C., Duplain, H., Busch, T. (2000). . Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 161: 2113-2114 [Full Text]  
• Pearl, J. M., Nelson, D. P., Wellmann, S. A., Raake, J. L., Wagner, C. J., McNamara, J. L., Duffy, J. Y. (2000). Acute hypoxia and reoxygenation impairs exhaled nitric oxide release and pulmonary mechanics. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 119: 931-938 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Delen, F. M., Sippel, J. M., Osborne, M. L., Law, S., Thukkani, N., Holden, W. E. (2000). Increased Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Chronic Bronchitis: Comparison With Asthma and COPD. Chest 117: 695-701 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• SARTORI, C., LEPORI, M., BUSCH, T., DUPLAIN, H., HILDEBRANDT, W., BÄRTSCH, P., NICOD, P., FALKE, K. J., SCHERRER, U. (1999). Exhaled Nitric Oxide Does Not Provide a Marker of Vascular Endothelial Function in Healthy Humans. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 160: 879-882 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• PIACENTINI, G. L., BODINI, A., VINO, L., ZANOLLA, L., COSTELLA, S., VICENTINI, L., BONER, A. L. (1998). Influence of Environmental Concentrations of NO on the Exhaled NO Test. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 158: 1299-1301 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Paredi, P, Loukides, S, Ward, S, Cramer, D, Spicer, M, Kharitonov, S A, Barnes, P J (1998). Exhalation flow and pressure-controlled reservoir collection of exhaled nitric oxide for remote and delayed analysis. Thorax 53: 775-779 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tsoukias, N. M., Tannous, Z., Wilson, A. F., George, S. C. (1998). Single-exhalation profiles of NO and CO2 in humans: effect of dynamically changing flow rate. J. Appl. Physiol. 85: 642-652 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Corradi, M., Pelizzoni, A., Majori, M., Cuomo, A., Munari, E. d., Pesci, A. (1998). Influence of atmospheric nitric oxide concentration on the measurement of nitric oxide in exhaled air. Thorax 53: 673-676 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fisher, A J, Gabbay, E, Small, T, Doig, S, Dark, J H, Corris, P A (1998). Cross sectional study of exhaled nitric oxide levels following lung transplantation. Thorax 53: 454-458 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• DEYKIN, A., HALPERN, O., MASSARO, A. F., DRAZEN, J. M., ISRAEL, E. (1998). Expired Nitric Oxide after Bronchoprovocation and Repeated Spirometry in Patients with Asthma. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 157: 769-775 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• THERMINARIAS, A., FLORE, P., FAVRE-JUVIN, A., ODDOU, M.-F., DELAIRE, M., GRIMBERT, F. (1998). Air Contamination with Nitric Oxide . Effect on Exhaled Nitric Oxide Response. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 157: 791-795 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Grasemann, H, Ioannidis, I, Tomkiewicz, R P, de Groot, H, Rubin, B K, Ratjen, F (1998). Nitric oxide metabolites in cystic fibrosis lung disease. Arch. Dis. Child. 78: 49-53 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chirpaz-Oddou, M. F., Favre-Juvin, A., Flore, P., Eterradossi, J., Delaire, M., Grimbert, F., Therminarias, A. (1997). Nitric oxide response in exhaled air during an incremental exhaustive exercise. J. Appl. Physiol. 82: 1311-1318 [Abstract] [Full Text]